Antihyperglycemic activity of the combination of Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb. and Cosmos caudatus Kunth. leaf infusion in male white mice

Abstrak

Background: Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. (pandan leaves) is widely cultivated in Sumatra, including Jambi Province, and is commonly used as a traditional food ingredient. Its potential medicinal value, particularly in combination with Cosmos caudatus Kunth. (kenikir leaves), for managing hyperglycemia has not been extensively investigated. Evaluating the antihyperglycemic activity of decoctions from these plants may provide scientific evidence for their development as phytotherapeutic agents targeting non-communicable diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of combined decoctions of pandan and kenikir leaves in hyperglycemic mice.

Method: A quasi-experimental study with a static-group comparison design was conducted using 30 male Swiss mice divided into five groups. Hyperglycemia was induced with glucose (0.2 mL/20 g BW). The groups consisted of a negative control (tragacanth), a positive control (glibenclamide 0.01 mL/20 g BW), and three treatment groups receiving decoctions of pandan and kenikir in water at ratios of 5:5:90, 10:10:80, and 20:20:60, respectively. Blood glucose levels were measured on days 1, 3, and 7. Two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test were used to evaluate the data.

Results: The combination of pandan and kenikir leaves demonstrated significant antihyperglycemic activity compared with the negative control (p < 0.05). Among the tested ratios, the 20:20:60 formulation showed the closest effect to glibenclamide after 7 days of treatment.

Conclusion: Decoctions of P. amaryllifolius combined with C. caudatus exhibit promising antihyperglycemic effects, suggesting their potential as a complementary herbal therapy for hyperglycemia management. Further studies on the mechanism of action and clinical applicability are warranted.